Enter IPython and its wonderful facility for mixing a little bit of shell goodness into your Python code. Look what worked:
In [3]: fs = !lsNeat, huh?
In [4]: fs
Out[4]: ['base.py', 'cache', '__init__.py', 'rss.py', 'util.py']
In [5]: for fn in fs:
...: if fn.endswith('.py'):
...: dest = 'test_' + fn
...: !git mv $fn $dest
...:
In [6]: !ls
cache test_base.py test___init__.py test_rss.py test_util.py